{"id":3631,"date":"2021-01-20T00:34:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-19T21:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/annelertoplandik.com\/blog\/?p=3631"},"modified":"2021-01-26T00:43:23","modified_gmt":"2021-01-25T21:43:23","slug":"kalca-displazisi-ve-kalca-cikigi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/annelertoplandik.com\/blog\/kalca-displazisi-ve-kalca-cikigi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kal\u00e7a Displazisi Ve Kal\u00e7a \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kal\u00e7a displazisi ve kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131, kal\u00e7a ekleminin do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen bir deformitesidir.\u00a0Eklem, femur ba\u015f\u0131 (uyluk kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde) ve asetabulumdan (pelvisin bir k\u0131sm\u0131) olu\u015fur.\u00a0Displazide yuvan\u0131n olgunla\u015fma bozuklu\u011fu varken, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k durumunda femur ba\u015f\u0131 yuvaya do\u011fru \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. Kal\u00e7a displazisi ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u011frafi b\u00f6lge veya etnik gruba g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir.\u00a0Son on y\u0131lda hastal\u0131kta genel bir azalma olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0Tarihsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Orta Avrupa i\u00e7in displazi oranlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde iki ila d\u00f6rt ve dislokasyon oranlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 0.5 ila bir oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada k\u0131zlar\u0131n kal\u00e7a displazisi veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan etkilenme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 erkeklerden d\u00f6rt kat daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u00e7a displazisi ve kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedenleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u00e7a displazisi ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde genetik, mekanik veya hormonal gibi bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r rol oynar. Risk fakt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n bir akraban\u0131n etkilenip etkilenmedi\u011fi, ba\u015fka bir iskelet anormalli\u011finin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kad\u0131n cinsiyeti ve yenido\u011fanda displaziyi veya dislokasyonu te\u015fvik edebilecek hamilelikle ilgili \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler bulunur. Bunlar aras\u0131nda \u00e7ocu\u011fun kal\u00e7a veya makat pozisyonu, amniyotik s\u0131v\u0131 eksikli\u011fi ve ilk do\u011fum yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Belirtiler ve seyir<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Yenido\u011fanlarda veya bebeklerde olas\u0131 belirtiler, kal\u00e7a ekleminin t\u0131kanmas\u0131 veya inhibisyonu, bacak uzunlu\u011funda bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k, muhtemelen di\u011fer iskelet malformasyonlar\u0131, anormal stabilite testleri ve bacaklarda hareket eksikli\u011fi veya asimetrik hareketlerdir. Gluteal ve uyluk k\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n asimetrisi de bir g\u00f6sterge olabilir, ancak kesin de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eklem soketinin olgunla\u015fma bozuklu\u011fu veya iki tarafl\u0131 kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131, bebe\u011fin klinik muayenesinde bile g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilebilir. Ergenlik d\u00f6neminde veya gen\u00e7 yeti\u015fkinlikte anormal y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f veya kal\u00e7a eklemi problemleri daha sonra hastay\u0131 doktora g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tedavi edilmezse kal\u00e7a displazisi erken eklem a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na sebep olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Te\u015fhis<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Te\u015fhis, kal\u00e7a eklemlerinin ultrason muayenesinin (bebek sonografisi) bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak konur.\u00a0Bu bebeklerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc femur ba\u015f\u0131 k\u0131k\u0131rdaktan olu\u015fur ve hen\u00fcz kemik de\u011fildir.\u00a0Ultrasonik dalgalar, k\u0131k\u0131rdakl\u0131 femur ba\u015f\u0131na n\u00fcfuz edebilir ve arkas\u0131ndaki asetabulum de\u011ferlendirilebilir.\u00a0Kal\u00e7a ultrason muayenesi, U3 muayenesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak (ya\u015fam\u0131n d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ila be\u015finci haftas\u0131nda) rutin olarak yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0Risk fakt\u00f6rleri biliniyorsa, do\u011fum klinikleri bazen bu muayeneyi daha erken yapar.\u00a0Kal\u00e7a<\/a> taramas\u0131 1980’lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Prof. Reinhard Graf taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen kriterlere g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Burada kal\u00e7a ekleminin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc de\u011ferlendirilir. Kal\u00e7a displazisinin veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tercih edilen y\u00f6ntem olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in bir r\u00f6ntgen \u00e7ekilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tedavi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tedavi, \u00e7ocu\u011fun ya\u015f\u0131na ve bulgular\u0131n ciddiyetine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Temelde konservatif yani ameliyats\u0131z tedavi se\u00e7enekleri ve operasyonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konservatif tedavi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Burada olgunla\u015fma tedavisi, azaltma ve tutma aras\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131m yap\u0131l\u0131r. Femur ba\u015f\u0131 yuva i\u00e7indeyse olgunla\u015fma tedavisi gereklidir, ancak yuva ya\u015fa uygun de\u011fildir. Tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f kal\u00e7a fleksiyonu ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki tedavi asetabulumun olgunla\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur. Bernau taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen T\u00fcbingen ray\u0131 genellikle bunun i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Femur ba\u015f\u0131 yuvada de\u011filse, \u00f6ncelikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme y\u00f6ntemleri gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Femur ba\u015f\u0131 eklem yuvas\u0131na ortalan\u0131r, retansiyon belirtilir.\u00a0Femur ba\u015f\u0131, sabit bir eklem durumu olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in atel veya al\u00e7\u0131 tedavisi ile yuvada tutulur.\u00a0En yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntem ya\u011fl\u0131 beyaz al\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, oturma \/ \u00e7\u00f6melme pozisyonunda bir pelvik ve bacak al\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Al\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n avantaj\u0131 kal\u00e7a eklemlerini optimum pozisyonda tutmas\u0131 ve ebeveynler taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lamamas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Al\u00e7\u0131 i\u015fleminin ard\u0131ndan, durumu daha da olgunla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve stabilize etmek i\u00e7in bir splint tedavisi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Operatif tedavi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Konservatif \u00f6nlemler, merkezlenmi\u015f ve olgun bir kal\u00e7a eklemi olu\u015fturmada ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmazsa, bir operasyon gereklidir. Burada da \u00e7ocu\u011fun ya\u015f\u0131na ve ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bdurumuna g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemlerin birbiriyle birle\u015ftirilmesi de gerekebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumunda femur ba\u015f\u0131 yuvada de\u011filse, a\u00e7\u0131k bir ayar yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r (femur ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n cerrahi olarak red\u00fcksiyonu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor). Femur ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yuvada ayarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen red\u00fcksiyonun \u00f6n\u00fcndeki t\u00fcm engeller kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca geni\u015flemi\u015f eklem kaps\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn toplanmas\u0131 ve baz\u0131 kaslar\u0131n uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Femur ba\u015f\u0131 yuvadan uzaksa, femur da k\u0131sal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Femur ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, kal\u00e7a \u00e7ukuru b\u00f6lgesinde, yani pelvis b\u00f6lgesinde bir d\u00fczeltme yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kal\u00e7a displazisi veya kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumunda, yuva daha diktir ve baz\u0131 durumlarda normal olarak geli\u015fmi\u015f bir kal\u00e7a ekleminden daha k\u0131sad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eklemleri iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in cerrahi \u00f6nlemler sadece yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi pelvik tarafta de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda uyluk kemi\u011finde de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu kemik kal\u00e7a eklemine yak\u0131n kesilerek istenen d\u00fczeltme elde edilebilir. Belirgin \u015fikayetlerle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak kal\u00e7a ekleminde halihaz\u0131rda a\u015f\u0131nma ve y\u0131pranma varsa, gen\u00e7 yeti\u015fkinlikte bile kal\u00e7a eklemi endoprotezi gerekebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tedavi edilen her kal\u00e7an\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fcme tamamlan\u0131ncaya kadar d\u00fczenli aral\u0131klarla X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ile kontrol edilmesi \u00f6nemlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 durumlarda bulgular tekrar bozulabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kal\u00e7a displazisi ve kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131, kal\u00e7a ekleminin do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen bir deformitesidir.\u00a0Eklem, femur ba\u015f\u0131 (uyluk kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde) ve asetabulumdan (pelvisin bir k\u0131sm\u0131) olu\u015fur.\u00a0Displazide yuvan\u0131n olgunla\u015fma bozuklu\u011fu varken, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k durumunda femur ba\u015f\u0131 yuvaya do\u011fru \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. Kal\u00e7a displazisi ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u011frafi b\u00f6lge veya etnik gruba g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir.\u00a0Son on y\u0131lda hastal\u0131kta genel bir azalma olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0Tarihsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Orta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3633,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nKal\u00e7a Displazisi Ve Kal\u00e7a \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 | Anneler Topland\u0131k<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/annelertoplandik.com\/blog\/kalca-displazisi-ve-kalca-cikigi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kal\u00e7a Displazisi Ve Kal\u00e7a \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 | Anneler Topland\u0131k\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kal\u00e7a displazisi ve kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131, kal\u00e7a ekleminin do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen bir deformitesidir.\u00a0Eklem, femur ba\u015f\u0131 (uyluk kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde) ve asetabulumdan (pelvisin bir k\u0131sm\u0131) olu\u015fur.\u00a0Displazide yuvan\u0131n olgunla\u015fma bozuklu\u011fu varken, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k durumunda femur ba\u015f\u0131 yuvaya do\u011fru \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. 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